Lihula consists of a large bog plateau surrounded by open and wooded fens. It is a representative wetland of the country; it is important for maintaining the hydrological balance and water quality of the region and provides important wetland habitats for rare and endangered plant and animal species, such as northern lapwing (Vanellus vanellus), black-tailed godwit (Limosa limosa) and golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos). The wetland is also one of the most important breeding grounds in Estonia for Montagu´s harrier (Circus pygargus) and golden plover (Pluvialis apricaria), and is a key staging site for migrating cranes and geese. In addition, the area is also a refuge for large mammals such as wolf (Canis lupus), lynx (Lynx lynx), brown bear (Ursus arctos) and elk (Alces alces). Threats to the Site include the intensification of forestry, the drainage of surrounding areas, and the abandonment of semi-natural meadows. The area is also locally used for traditional berry and mushroom picking as well as small-scale hunting. A management plan has been implemented since 2016.