This shallow lake at the core of the Sultanpur National Park is fed by the overflow from neighbouring canals and fields, and replenished by saline groundwater. The lake features seasonal aquatic vegetation and is dotted with artificial islands; the Park also includes open grasslands. In 2010, the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change declared the area within five kilometres of the Park as an eco-sensitive zone. The wetland harbours a rich plant and animal life: it supports more than 220 species of resident, winter migratory and local migratory waterbirds at critical stages of their life cycles. More than ten of these are globally threatened, including the critically endangered sociable lapwing (Vanellus gregarius), and the endangered Egyptian vulture (Neophron percnopterus), saker falcon (Falco cherrug), Pallas’s fish eagle (Haliaeetus leucoryphus) and black-bellied tern (Sterna acuticauda). The Site regularly supports more than 7% of the biogeographic population of bar-headed goose (Anser indicus) and more than 8% of the biogeographic population of greylag goose (Anser anser). The ecosystem services offered by the Sultanpur National Park include nutrient cycling, recreation and tourism and scientific and educational activities.