The Site includes an endorheic freshwater lake surrounded by a hilly Sahelian woodland and scrub to the south and west, and by dune plains to the north and east. It is a perennial lake in years of normal rainfall. The Site supports reed beds and is internationally important for waterbirds, supporting trans-Saharan migrants which breed in the Palearctic region. The Site constitutes an important wildlife reserve and hosts a wide range of plant species. Mammal species such as the hare Lepus capensis aegyptius, the red-tailed gazelle (Gazella rufifrons), the ratel (Mellivora capensis) and the side-striped jackal (Canis adustus) are also reported. The Site is home to about 150 bird species including about 50 species of Palaearctic migrants. There are several species of (endemic and migratory) geese and ducks specific to the Sahel, various raptors and vultures. In addition to natural factors, unsustainable levels of extensive farming in the region have had a negative impact on the environment. The Site has also faced an increase in high temperatures and high winds, and a decline in rainfall.