Store Mosse consists of a mosaic of raised bogs, fen, deciduous swamp woods and nutrient-poor lakes. The Site holds southern Sweden’s most extensive mire complex and the country’s largest active raised bog. The boundaries of the Site were adjusted in 2016 to follow protected areas and future restoration areas, resulting in an increase in area of 200 ha. The typical mire vegetation is interspersed with patches of Pinus sylvestris and treeless areas of dwarf shrubs. The Orchidaceae species found in the fens include the nationally protected narrow-leaved marsh orchid Dactylorhiza traunsteineri, the fragant orchid Gymnadenia conopsea and the marsh helleborine Epipactis palustris. The wetland supports animal populations which are important for maintaining the biological diversity of the boreal region, including a wealth of birds with a number of nationally red-listed species. The Site provides important staging areas and breeding grounds for a number of species including the nationally endangered northern pintail Anas acuta, the garganey Anas querquedula and spotted crake Porzana porzana. A visitor centre opened in 2003, and bird watching, educational activities, scientific research and tourism attract between 70,000 and 100,000 visitors each year. The main threats to the Site’s ecological character relate to drainage, dams and water management, and ongoing peat extraction. A restoration plan is being implemented to reduce the drainage and restore the hydrology of former peat extraction plots, to promote the regeneration and regrowth of raised bog habitats.