The gueltates, unique to this region, comprise small terraces, pools and cascades in which water runs permanently in this completely desert environment. The Site contains rich vegetation which is similar to that of the Gueltates d’Issakarassene (Ramsar Site no.1058), and the diverse fauna includes fish species such as the desert barbel. It is rich in perennial plant species, the majority of which are endemic, such as Olea laperrinei, Rhus tripartita and Rumex simpliciflorus. The Gueltates Afilal constitute the most significant streams of the Ahaggar mountains (which rise to 3,000 metres altitiude) and, with Issakarassene, are among the best-known gueltates due to their location as a stop-over along the tourist track to Mount Assekrem. The nomadic Touaregs of Tamanrasset also use the gueltates to store water for domestic needs and as a watering site for their herds. The 20,000 local and tourist visits per year might become a threat if not regulated.